The Department has its origin by partitioning of erstwhile Department of Agricultural Botany in 1969 to provide momentum for exploitation of strength present in the genes of field crops for enhancing productivity, profitability and sustainability of agricultural production systems in the state of Madhya Pradesh. Master degree program was started in 1969 at Jabalpur and in 2008 at Rewa. The nomenclature of the Degree was changed from Plant Breeding and Genetics to Genetics and Plant Breeding in the year 2010. The Doctorate degree program was started in the year 1975 at Jabalpur.